Keeper Wants You to Know Vatican's Secrets
2024-02-25
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1The Roman Catholic Church has been trying for years to inform the public that its "secret" collection of documents is not secret.
2The Vatican has opened documents of World War II-period Pope Pius XII to researchers.
3It even changed the official name of the archive to remove the word "Secret."
4Recently the chief of what is now called the Vatican Apostolic Archive, Archbishop Sergio Pagano, spoke to the Associated Press.
5Pagano told some of the secrets he had uncovered in the 45 years of working in the archive.
6The Vatican's archive is one of the world's most important stores of documents.
7In a new book-length interview called "Secretum," Pagano explained some of the largely unknown details of the history of the Vatican and its relations with the outside world over the past 1200 years.
8The interviews took place as discussions over a year with Italian reporter Massimo Franco.
9Pagano explains everything from French leader Napoleon taking documents to the 1922 financial support for the election of a pope from Catholics in the U.S.
10"It's the first time and it will also be the last because I'm about to leave," said Pagano who is 75.
11He also spoke to the AP before his expected retirement later this year.
12Pope Leo XIII first opened the archive to researchers in 1881.
13Until then, it had only been used to serve the pope and preserve documentation of the head of the Catholic Church dating from the 8th century.
14The archive has 85 kilometers of space for books, much of it underground in a two-story, fireproof secure area.
15It also holds documents from Vatican embassies around the world and collections from powerful families and religious orders.
16The archive works much as any national or private archive would.
17Researchers request permission to visit and then request documents to study in reading rooms.
18Most recently, researchers have been going to the archive to read through the documents of Pope Pius XII.
19He was the pope who has been criticized for not speaking out against the Holocaust during WWII.
20Pope Francis ordered the documents of his office opened earlier than planned, in 2020, so researchers could have a full picture of the papacy.
21In the book, Pagano criticizes incomplete research into the process of confirming the sainthood of Pius XII.
22Researchers are now examining newly available documents.
23Aside from old stories, "Secretum" also shares new ones.
24They include an important financial relationship between Catholics in the U.S. and the Vatican that continues today and dates back to 1922.
25Pagano said that after Pope Benedict XV died, a financial official found that the Vatican had no money.
26The book shares secret messages in which the Vatican asked its ambassador in Washington D.C. to send "what you have in the safe" so that the vote for a new pope could take place.
27The messages say the Vatican embassy sent $210,400.09 collected from the American Catholics.
28That permitted the vote to elect Pope Pius XI.
29Pagano suggests that Francis' 2019 decision to remove the word "Secret" from the archive's name and rename it the Vatican Apostolic Archive was possibly a choice to gain donations.
30The U.S.-based group Treasures of History is aiming to support the newly renamed archive.
31At the end of the interview, Pagano showed visitors one of the archive's prized possessions.
32It is the 1530 letter from British nobles urging Pope Clement VII to permit King Henry VIII to end his marriage, so he could marry Anne Boleyn.
33Clement refused. Henry got married anyway.
34He broke ties with the Catholic Church in Rome and established the Church of England.
35"You can say that here we are at the birth of the Anglican Church," Pagano said.
36Pagano explained how the document survived.
37He said when Napoleon Bonaparte, the ruler of France, took documents from the Vatican archives in 1810, the chief archivist at the time hid the letter.
38"The French never found it," Pagano said, showing that he believed an archivist's main job is to preserve the archive.
39I'm Gena Bennett. And I'm Gregory Stachel.
1The Roman Catholic Church has been trying for years to inform the public that its "secret" collection of documents is not secret. 2The Vatican has opened documents of World War II-period Pope Pius XII to researchers. It even changed the official name of the archive to remove the word "Secret." 3Recently the chief of what is now called the Vatican Apostolic Archive, Archbishop Sergio Pagano, spoke to the Associated Press. Pagano told some of the secrets he had uncovered in the 45 years of working in the archive. The Vatican's archive is one of the world's most important stores of documents. 4In a new book-length interview called "Secretum," Pagano explained some of the largely unknown details of the history of the Vatican and its relations with the outside world over the past 1200 years. 5The interviews took place as discussions over a year with Italian reporter Massimo Franco. Pagano explains everything from French leader Napoleon taking documents to the 1922 financial support for the election of a pope from Catholics in the U.S. 6"It's the first time and it will also be the last because I'm about to leave," said Pagano who is 75. He also spoke to the AP before his expected retirement later this year. 7Pope Leo XIII first opened the archive to researchers in 1881. Until then, it had only been used to serve the pope and preserve documentation of the head of the Catholic Church dating from the 8th century. 8The archive has 85 kilometers of space for books, much of it underground in a two-story, fireproof secure area. It also holds documents from Vatican embassies around the world and collections from powerful families and religious orders. 9The archive works much as any national or private archive would. Researchers request permission to visit and then request documents to study in reading rooms. 10Most recently, researchers have been going to the archive to read through the documents of Pope Pius XII. He was the pope who has been criticized for not speaking out against the Holocaust during WWII. 11Pope Francis ordered the documents of his office opened earlier than planned, in 2020, so researchers could have a full picture of the papacy. 12In the book, Pagano criticizes incomplete research into the process of confirming the sainthood of Pius XII. Researchers are now examining newly available documents. 13Aside from old stories, "Secretum" also shares new ones. They include an important financial relationship between Catholics in the U.S. and the Vatican that continues today and dates back to 1922. 14Pagano said that after Pope Benedict XV died, a financial official found that the Vatican had no money. The book shares secret messages in which the Vatican asked its ambassador in Washington D.C. to send "what you have in the safe" so that the vote for a new pope could take place. 15The messages say the Vatican embassy sent $210,400.09 collected from the American Catholics. That permitted the vote to elect Pope Pius XI. 16Pagano suggests that Francis' 2019 decision to remove the word "Secret" from the archive's name and rename it the Vatican Apostolic Archive was possibly a choice to gain donations. The U.S.-based group Treasures of History is aiming to support the newly renamed archive. 17At the end of the interview, Pagano showed visitors one of the archive's prized possessions. It is the 1530 letter from British nobles urging Pope Clement VII to permit King Henry VIII to end his marriage, so he could marry Anne Boleyn. 18Clement refused. Henry got married anyway. He broke ties with the Catholic Church in Rome and established the Church of England. 19"You can say that here we are at the birth of the Anglican Church," Pagano said. 20Pagano explained how the document survived. He said when Napoleon Bonaparte, the ruler of France, took documents from the Vatican archives in 1810, the chief archivist at the time hid the letter. 21"The French never found it," Pagano said, showing that he believed an archivist's main job is to preserve the archive. 22I'm Gena Bennett. And I'm Gregory Stachel. 23Nicole Winfield reported this story for The Associated Press. Gregory Stachel adapted it for VOA Learning English. 24_______________________________________________ 25Words in This Story 26archive - n. a place in which public records or historical materials (such as documents) are kept 27interview -n. a discussion in which one person talks with another to get information to learn more about them or what they know 28preserve - v. to keep (something) in its original state or in good condition 29saint - n. a person who is officially recognized by the Roman Catholic Church as very holy and who is credited with holy acts called miracles 30nobility - n. the group of people who are members of the highest social class in countries which observe such customs